The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes that early access to medical care is critical for victims of snakebite envenoming.
It also gave a list of precautionary measures to take to mitigate fatalities from venomous reptiles especially in areas where are likely to live and breed.
1. Victims should be transported to a healthcare facility without delay.
2. Move away from the area where the bite occurred; if the snake is still attached, use a stick or tool to make it release. Sea snake victims should be moved to dry land.
3. Remove any tight items from around the bitten part of the body, such as rings, bracelets, or anklets, to prevent harm from swelling.
4. Reassure the victim; many snake bites are caused by non-venomous snakes, and even venomous bites may not be immediately fatal.
5. Immobilize the bitten limb completely. Splint it to keep it still, and use a stretcher if needed to transport the victim to a health facility. Never use a tight arterial tourniquet.
6. The Australian Pressure Immobilization Bandage (PIB) Method is recommended only for bites from neurotoxic snakes that do not cause local swelling.
7. Applying pressure at the bite site with a pressure pad may be suitable in some cases.
8. Avoid traditional remedies, herbal medicines, and other unproven or unsafe treatments.
9. Transport the person to a health facility as soon as possible.
10. Paracetamol may be given to manage severe local pain.
11. If vomiting occurs, place the victim on their left side in the recovery position.
12. Closely monitor airway and breathing, and be ready to resuscitate if necessary.
This approach reduces the risk of complications and helps ensure the victim receives timely, effective medical treatment.
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